- Audit trail integrity — correlating events across systems during incident investigation
- Log accuracy — ensuring log entries carry correct timestamps for forensic analysis
- Certificate validation — TLS/SSL certificates depend on accurate system time
- Scheduled job reliability — cron jobs, backups, and compliance scans depend on clock accuracy
What Auditors Look For
NTP is enabled
Systems use Network Time Protocol (NTP) or a cloud-equivalent time sync service.
Clocks are synchronized
System time is within acceptable drift (typically under 1 second of an authoritative source).
Time source is authoritative
Systems sync to a trusted NTP pool or cloud provider time service (e.g., Amazon Time Sync, Google NTP).
Sync is automated
No manual clock setting — synchronization runs continuously via
systemd-timesyncd, chrony, or equivalent.Collecting Evidence
Linux Systems
Run the following command on each in-scope server:| Field | Expected Value | Why It Matters |
|---|---|---|
System clock synchronized | yes | Confirms the clock is actively synced to an NTP source |
NTP service | active | Confirms the NTP daemon is running |
Time zone | UTC (recommended) | UTC avoids daylight saving ambiguity in logs |
Fixing a Non-Synchronized System
If NTP is not active, enable and start the time sync service:chrony (common on RHEL/CentOS):
Cloud-Managed Systems
Most cloud providers handle time synchronization automatically:- AWS
- GCP
- Azure
EC2 instances use the Amazon Time Sync Service (You should see
169.254.169.123) by default. Verify with:169.254.169.123 as a source with * (selected) status.Containers and Kubernetes
Containers inherit the host’s clock. For Kubernetes:Container timestamps are only as accurate as the host node’s clock. Ensure all Kubernetes nodes have NTP enabled.
Mapping to LowerPlane
In LowerPlane, clock synchronization is covered by:| Control | Framework | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| LP-GO-054 — Clock Synchronization | SOC 2 CC6.6, CC7.2 | Systems use NTP with authoritative time sources |
| LP-AU-001 — Audit Logging Policy | ISO 27001 A.8.17 | Log timestamps must be accurate and synchronized |
How to Upload Evidence
- Navigate to Tests and find the “Clock synchronization” test
- Run
timedatectl statuson each in-scope system - Save the output as a text file or screenshot
- Upload it as evidence on the test or link it to the LP-GO-054 control
Common Audit Questions
What if some servers use chrony and others use systemd-timesyncd?
What if some servers use chrony and others use systemd-timesyncd?
That’s fine. Auditors care about the outcome (clocks are synced), not the specific tool. Collect evidence from both:
timedatectl status for systemd-timesyncd, chronyc tracking for chrony.Do I need to show evidence for every single server?
Do I need to show evidence for every single server?
For SOC 2, you need to demonstrate that clock sync is consistently applied across your environment. A sample of servers plus documentation of your configuration management (e.g., Ansible playbook, Terraform config) that enforces NTP is usually sufficient.
What's an acceptable clock drift?
What's an acceptable clock drift?
NTP typically keeps drift under 100 milliseconds. For compliance purposes, anything under 1 second is acceptable. The key is that NTP is active and continuously correcting drift.
Do managed databases (RDS, Cloud SQL) need separate evidence?
Do managed databases (RDS, Cloud SQL) need separate evidence?
No. Managed services handle time synchronization internally. A statement from the cloud provider’s shared responsibility documentation is sufficient evidence.